Tooth pigmentation caused by bilirubin: a case report and histological evaluation.

Systemic disorders in pediatric patients, such as congenital biliary atresia, acute liver failure, and biliary hypoplasia, may be the indications for a need of liver transplantation. One of the manifestations of these disorders is the elevated serum levels of bilirubin (hyperbiliru-binemia), a product of hemoglobin degradation, which is deposited in different tissues, including mineralized and soft tissues. When hyperbilirubinemia occurs during the period of dental development, these teeth can develop a green coloration, which remains permanently, because, after maturation, these tissues loose their metabolic activity. This case report describes a 9-year-old girl who required a liver transplant due to biliary atresia when she was three years old. Some of her pigmented teeth needed extraction and afterwards were submitted for histological analysis and compared with sound teeth.

Aspectos odontológicos en paciente portador del síndrome de Mobius: relato de caso / Dental aspects of a patient with Mobius syndrome: case report

El síndrome de Mobius se caracteriza por la parálisis congénita y no progresiva de los nervios craneanos facial y abducentes cuyas manifestaciones clínicas principales son la apariencia facial estática y poco expresiva, el estrabismo bilateral convergente y la hipoplasia de miembros, entre otras. En la cavidad bucal puede observarse micrognacia, implantación heterotrófica de la lengua, anquiloglosia, úvula bífida, fisura palatina y anomalías dentales. La etiología del síndrome de Mobius es poco conocida y algunos relatos de la literatura señalan, como la hipótesis más probable, una isquemia fetal transitoria, durante el período de formación de los núcleos craneanos. Los posibles factores causales de esta isquemia serian los de orden ambiental, los disturbios fisiopatológicos y genéticos, o el uso ilícito de drogas como el Misoprostol, durante la gestación. El presente trabajo relata el tratamiento odontológico realizado en una paciente portadora de este síndrome enfatizando las particularidades observadas durante la atención, en función de las características propias de esa entidad clínica

Mobius syndrome is characterized by congenital and non-progressive paralysis of the facial and abducent cranial nerves. The principal manifestations of this syndrome are lack of facial expression, convergent bilateral strabismus and hypoplastic members. The oral findings include micrognatia, heterotrophic implantation of the tongue, ankyloglossia, bifid uvula, cleft palate and dental anomalies. The etiology of Mobius syndrome is unknown and some reports relate, as a main cause, the transitory fetal ischemia during the formation of cranial nucleus. The factors that lead to this ischemia are from ambient, physiopathological or genetic disturbs and use of drugs like Misoprostol during the pregnancy. This paper reports the dental treatment of a female patient with Mobius syndrome, emphasizing the peculiarities observed due to the characteristics of this clinical entity

Alteraciones posturales y su repercusión en el sistema estomatognático / Posture alterations and consequences to stomatognatic system

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las relaciones entre la postura corporal y el sistema estomatognático, a partir de trabajos publicados en las áreas de odontología, fonoaudiología y fisioterapia, proporcionando, a estos profesionales, bases para el ejercicio clínico. El punto central de la discusión es la constatación de que la postura corporal global interfiere en la posición de la cabeza la cual es directamente responsable por la postura de la mandíbula. La relación inversa también puede ocurrir, o sea, disfunciones del sistema estomatognático, traen como consecuencia alteraciones posturales. Consideramos que los aspectos discutidos en el presente trabajo son de extrema importancia y ampliarán los criterios en el momento de la evaluación del paciente permitiendo así establecer un diagnóstico mas preciso y planificar una terapéutica mas adecuada

The aim of this review is to analyze the relationship between body posture and the stomatognathic system. Papers published on Dentistry arena, Phonoaudiology and Physiotherapy were analyzed. The central point of discussion is the fact that global body posture interfere with the head position that is directly responsible for the mandible posture. The inverse relation also needs to be considered, since stomatognathic system disorders can lead to posture alteration. The aspects discussed in this review are important and they need to be taken account when evaluating the patient. It will permit the establishment of the diagnosis with more accuracy and the therapy planning more appropriate

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as relações entre postura corporal e sistema estomatognático, a partir de trabalhos publicados nas áreas de Odontologia, Fonoaudiologia e Fisioterapia, proporcionando a estes profissionais uma reflexão para sua prática clínica. Os pontos centrais da discussão são a constatação de que a postura corporal global interfere na posição da cabeça que por sua vez é diretamente responsável pela postura da mandíbula. Em alguns casos a relação inversa também pode ocorrer, com uma disfunção do sistema estomatognático, levando a alterações posturais. As considerações apresentadas são importantes para auxiliar os profissionais envolvidos na obtenção do diagnóstico e adequada orientação terapêutica

Solitary median maxillary central incisor in association with Goldenhar's syndrome: a case report.

Goldenhar's syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by several anomalies that include dermal epibulbar cysts, auricular appendices and malformations and vertebral anomalies. In this article, the authors report a case of Goldenhar's syndrome in a 10-year-old child who presented with the classical signs of this condition and a solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI).